What is Obesity?
Obesity (known as obesity among the people) is a disease that occurs as a result of excessive fat accumulation in the body, causes health problems and needs to be treated. In the calculation of obesity, Body Mass Index (BMI) – Body Mass Index (BMI) calculation is used based on height and weight.
By the World Health Organization, over 30 are accepted as “Obese”, over 40 as “Morbid Obese”, over 50 as “Super Obese”.
What is Obesity Surgery?
Surgical intervention in the digestive system in order to help patients who are determined to be obese according to the body mass index range specified after the measurement of body fat ratio to lose weight is called “Obesity Surgery” or “Bariatric Surgery”.
Obesity (obesity) is above the expected weight when the characteristics such as age, height and gender of the person are taken into account. Obesity, coronary heart disease, diabetes resistance, hypertension, sleep apnea syndrome, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver, liver cirrhosis, osteoarthritis (rheumatism), stroke / paralysis, a number of skin diseases, asthma, depression, muscular and skeletal system problems, Gallstones are an important risk factor for the development of prostate, breast, uterine and colon cancer.
There are various surgical techniques used for obesity. The choice of surgery takes place with the physician and the patient, depending on the patient’s condition.
Types of Surgery for Obesity Treatment
Gastric Balloon
Gastric balloon application is considered as one of the simplest methods to lose weight. With the help of an endoscope, a balloon filled with fluid or air in the stomach is placed under mild anesthesia. As a result of the process, which takes 15-20 minutes, the food intake capacity of the stomach is reduced and rapid saturation is achieved. With this method, patients can lose 15-20 kg in a few months. However, the duration of the balloon in the body is 6 months, maximum 1 year, and it is removed by endoscopic way. After the balloon is removed, the patient must maintain his lifestyle and continue his diet, otherwise the weight lost can be recovered. Today, the gastric balloon method is used as a preparation for basic Morbid Obesity Surgery in patients who are too risky to undergo surgery or in super obese people. It can also be used for those who are not overweight.
Sleeve Gastrectomy
Approximately 85 percent of the stomach is removed and the stomach volume is reduced in the application, which is accepted as one of the most frequently used methods for slimming worldwide. Surgery is usually performed with a closed (laparoscopic) method. Duration of stay in the hospital is 2-3 days. After the surgery, they can consume liquid for two weeks and soft foods for two weeks and then switch to normal food. In this operation method, the “Fundus Area” of the stomach is removed and the hormone (Ghrelin) secretion that triggers the feeling of hunger is reduced. Thus, a feeling of satiety with a small amount of food occurs after surgery. Weight control is provided with the new diet regimen gained with post-operative diet and sports.
Gastric By-Pass
In these methods, the stomach is basically divided into two parts, one large and the other small. With the newly formed small stomach, a part of the small intestine from the beginning and the duodenum are skipped and reunited. By restricting the calorie intake of the person, the absorption of the foods eaten is reduced. Weight loss can continue for up to 1.5 years in the method, which is considered to be one of the most metabolically effective methods to solve obesity and obesity-related health problems.
Duodenal Switch
Duodenal Switch process directly affects the metabolism, thus leading to further weight loss. It is an applicable method especially for people with BMI more than 50 Kg / m2. In this surgery, both food intake is restricted and the absorption of food intake is reduced. It is accepted as an effective method in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol due to excess weight. It is an effective surgery in patients who consume fatty foods, as it is an application that reduces fat absorption. It is among the surgical methods that provide the most weight loss in Obesity Surgery, but it is not used very often due to the excess of surgery and post-operative complications. After this surgery, malodorous chronic diarrhea and vitamin and protein deficiencies due to decreased fat absorption are common.
Mini-Gastric Bypass
Mini-Gastric Bypass is a procedure that combines some features of Gastric Sleeve Surgery and a standard Gastric Bypass. A long stomach pouch is created and then the gastric pouch is combined with the small intestine part. Mini Gastric Bypass Surgery is one of the most common operations in Obesity Surgery. The main reason or purpose of this operation is the treatment of diseases such as diabetes (type 2 diabetes), high cholesterol and high blood pressure due to excessive weight. It can also be applied to patients who have previously undergone Gastric Band or Gastric Sleeve Surgery but fail to lose weight. While the short duration of the operation, the quick closure of the wounds as a result of the laparoscopic method and the short discharge time of the patient can be counted among the advantages, dumping syndrome and vitamin and mineral deficiencies are a major disadvantage.
For gastric sleeve surgery, which is one of the most serious and difficult operations among obesity surgeries, you should definitely choose the right surgeon and country. Gastric sleeve in Turkey is the safest option for you. Because this sense, the most experienced surgeons and clinics serving in Turkey. You will also be safe in the time you spend in Turkey during surgery. With the tests and analyzes performed before the surgery, it will be determined whether you are suitable for this surgery. In this way, your surgery will be done safely. In addition, even when you return to your country after surgery, you will be checked by the doctors and you will receive some advice on your nutrition program.